[F] Yixian Formation - Jiufotang Formation - Liaoning - China
Liaoning - China
Four complexes are recognized in the vertebrates of the Jehol Biota: the lower Yixian Fm. Confuciusornis-Sinosauropteryx-Zhangheotherium Complex from the Sihetun-Jianshangou units, the middle Yixian Fm. Monjurosuchus-Hyphalosaurus-Liaoxiornis Complex from the Daxinfangzi-Dawangzhang units, the upper Yixian Fm. Lycoptera muroii-Manchurochelys manchouensis Complex from the Jingangshan unit, and the Jiufotang Fm. Cathayornis- Chaoyangia-Psittacosaurus Complex.
The fish and reptiles in the vertebrate complexes of western Liaoning Province represent the Lycoptera Ichthyofauna and the Psittacosaurus Herpetofauna. There are two distinct avian faunas: the Yixian Fm. Confuciusornis Avifauna and the Jiufotang Fm. Cathayornis Avifauna. These vertebrate faunas are all Early Cretaceous.
The Yixian Fm. pyroclastics and marls provide 40Argon/39Argon dates of 125.42±0.08- 125.52±0.07 Ma for the Confuciusornis-Sinosauropteryx-Zhangheotherium Complex assigning it to the middle Barremian Stage. The Monjurosuchus-Hyphalosaurus-Liaoxiornis Complex is 122.2±0.2-122.5±0.3 Ma assigning it to the late Barremian Stage. The Lycoptera Muroii- Manchurochelys manchouensis Complex is 121.4±1.1-121.6±0.4 Ma assigning it to the late Barremian Stage. The Cathayornis-Chaoyangia-Psittacosaurus Complex predates 110±0.52 Ma assigning it to the Aptian Age.
The ages of the Yixian and Jiufotang fms. are Early Cretaceous late Valanginian through Barremian and Aptian respectively.
Source: Vertebrate assemblages of the Jehol Biota in western Liaoning, China by Xiaolin Wang,1,2 Yuanqing Wang,1 Fan Jin, 1 XingXu, 1 and Yuan Wang1 Proceeding of the Seventh Annual Meeting of the Chinese Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Yuanqing Wang and Tao Deng editors China Ocean Press Beijing 1999 pp. 1-12 Translated By Will Downs Bilby Research Center Northern Arizona University Polyglot Paleontologist
Archaeoraptor liaoningensis - [Nomen Rejectum (pending) –> Microraptor]
Beipiaosaurus inexpectus - Tetanurae Coelurosauria - Cretaceous Early Aptian
Bolong yixianensis - Ornithopoda Iguanodontia - Cretaceous Early
Caudipteryx dongi - Maniraptora Caudipteridae - Cretaceous Early Barremian
Caudipteryx zoui - Maniraptora Caudipteridae - Cretaceous Early Barremian
Dilong paradoxus- Tyrannosauria Tyrannosauridae - Cretaceous Early
Eoenantiornis buhleri ~/~ - Ornithothoraces Enantiornithes - Cretaceous Early Barremian
Graciliraptor lujiatunensis - Coelurosauria Dromaeosauridae - Cretaceous Early
Hexing qingyinn - Coelurosauria Ornithomimosauria - Cretaceous Early Valanginian Barremian
Hongshanosaurus houi - Psittacosauridae Nomina Dubia - Cretaceous Early
Huaxiagnathus orientalis - Coelurosauria Compsognathidae - Cretaceous Early
Incisivosaurus gautheri - Coelurosauria Oviraptorosauria - Cretaceous Early
Jeholornis prima ~/~ - Avialae [Aves] Not considered dinosaur - Cretaceous Early Barremian Aptian Albian
Jeholosaurus shangyuanensis - Ornithischia Incertae Sedis - Cretaceous Early Barremian
Jibeinia luahera ~/~ - Maniraptora Avialae Unnamed Clade - Cretaceous Early Barremian
Jinzhousaurus yangi - Iguanodontia Iguanodontidae - Cretaceous Early
Jixiangornis orientalis ~/~ - Avialae [Aves] Not considered dinosaur - Cretaceous Early
Liaoceratops yanzigouensis - Ceratopia Neoceratopia - Cretaceous Early Barremian
Liaoningornis longidigitus ~/~ - Ornithothoraces Ornithurae - Cretaceous Early Barremian
Liaoningosaurus paradoxus - Ankylosauria Nodosauridae - Cretaceous Early Barremian Aptian
Liaoxiornis delicatus ~/~ - Maniraptora Avialae - Cretaceous Early Barremian
Longipteryx chaoyangensis ~/~ - Maniraptora Avialae - Cretaceous Early Barremian
Mei long - Maniraptora Troodontidae - Cretaceous Early Berriasian Valanginian
Microraptor gui - Coelurosauria Dromaeosauridae - Cretaceous Early
Microraptor hanqingi - Coelurosauria Dromaeosauridae- Cretaceous Early Aptian
Microraptor zhaoianus - Coelurosauria Dromaeosauridae - Cretaceous Early Barremian
Protarchaeopteryx robusta ~/~ - Avialae Incertae Sedis - Cretaceous Early Barremian Aptian
Protopteryx fengningensis ~/~ - Ornithothoraces Enantiornithes - Cretaceous Early Barremian
Psittacosaurus major - Neoceratopia Psittacosauridae -Cretaceous Early Berriasian Valanginian
Psittacosaurus meileyingensis - Neoceratopia Psittacosauridae - Cretaceous Early Aptian Albian
Psittacosaurus lujiatunensis - Neoceratopia Psittacosauridae - Cretaceous Early Hauterivian
Raptorex kriegsteini - Tyrannosauria Tyrannosauridae - Cretaceous Early Barremian Aptian
Scansoriopteryx heilmanni - Maniraptora [Scansoriopterygidae] - ?Cretaceous Early ?Barremian ?Aptian
Shenzhouraptor sinensis ~/~ - Avialae [Aves] Not considered dinosaur - Cretaceous Early Aptian Albian
Shenzhousaurus orientalis - Coelurosauria Ornithomimosauria - Cretaceous Early
Sinocalliopteryx gigas - Coelurosauria Compsognathidae - Cretaceous Early
Sinornithosaurus millenii - Coelurosauria Dromaeosauridae - ?Cretaceous Early
Sinosauropteryx prima - Sinosauropterygidae Sinosauropterygiformes - Cretaceous Early Aptian
Sinovenator changii - Maniraptora Troodontidae - Cretaceous Early
Sinusonasus magnodens - Maniraptora Troodontidae - Cretaceous Early
Tianyuraptor ostromi - Coelurosauria Dromaeosauridae - Cretaceous Early
Yixianosaurus longimanus - Coelurosauria Maniraptora - Cretaceous Early
Yutyrannus huali - Coelurosauria Therizinosauroidea - Cretaceous Early